Historical background
Historical background
- Museion: Hall of the muses, sanctuary
- Earlier meanings: closet, library, study
- A 1706 British dictionary defines the word museum as follows: a study or library, hall or public place for learned people to benefit from it.
- The term was first used in Hungary in the 18th century, on bills of carpenters working at professors from Nagyenyed.
Antecedents and the first European museums
- 1581. Francesco Medici (1541-1587) opened his family's collection to public.
(Agnolo Bronzino, 1551, Uffizi Galery , Florence)
- 1683.
- Ashmolean Museum, England
Elias Ashmole (1617-1692) donated his collection to Oxford University
- July 7th 1753: The British Parliament accepts the proposal about the foundation of the British Museum. (Sir Hans Sloane, Arthur Onslow)
- January 15th 1759: The Museum opens to the public
- August 10th 1793 (23rd Thermidor I): Following the ressolution of the National Convention Muséum Central des Arts is opened in the palaise du Louvre.
- In 1802 Count Széchenyi Ferenc asked permission from the Habsburg Emperor to give his national collection to the Hungarian nation.
- By that time his collection incorporated 11 884 documents, 1156 manuscripts, 142 maps and copper engravings 2019 golden medals, antiquities and portraits.
- Stockholm, 1891
The first open-air ethnographic
museum in the world was
opened. It got its name
-Skansen - from a district of the city.
- November 27th 1904
The first permanent exhibition
was opened in Pécs, Hungary.
